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Impingement Syndrome

Definition

Impingement syndrome occurs when there is inflammation of the rotator cuff tendons and the bursa that surrounds these tendons. There is a difference between tendonitis and bursitis, but in most cases of impingement syndrome there is a combination of these problems. Impingement syndrome occurs when there is inflammation between the top of the humerus (arm bone) and the acromion (tip of the shoulder). Between these bones lies the tendons of the rotator cuff, and the bursa that protects these tendons.

Mechanism of Injury

Impingement syndrome is a descriptive term of pinching of the tendons and bursa of the rotator cuff between bones. In many individuals with this problem, the shape of their bones is such that they have less space than others. Therefore, small thickenings of the tendons or bursa can cause symptoms.

Often there is an initial injury that sets off the process of inflammation. Thereafter, the problem can be self-exacerbating. Once there is an initial injury, the tendons and bursa become inflamed. This inflammation causes a thickening of these structures. The thickening then takes up more space, and therefore the tendons and bursa become are pinched upon even more. This causes more inflammation, and more thickening of the tendons and bursa, and so on.

Symptoms

Common symptoms include:

  • Pain with overhead activities (arm above head height)
  • Pain while sleeping at night
  • Pain over the outside of the shoulder/upper arm.

Physical Therapy Intervention

Rec Center Physical Therapy can be the first line of defense for those suffering from impingement syndrome by offering a program of stretching and strengthening exercises as well as a number of anti-inflammatory and pain reduction strategies.

http://orthopedics.about.com/cs/rotatorcuff/a/shbursitis_2.htm