Achilles Tendon Rupture
Definition
The "Achilles" or gastrocnemius tendon connects the calf muscles to the back of the heel (calcaneus.) The tendon can sometimes partially or completely tear or break apart, disconnecting the strongest calf muscles from the heel.
Mechanism of Injury
A single high force injury or repetitive forceful strain to the tendon can sometimes cause the tendon to "fail" or tear apart. A jump, hard landing or strong push-off with the foot can occasionally lead to this injury. However, the injury can sometimes occur during the course of normal activity. The risk of this injury becomes higher as we age, with tight calf muscles, or when the leg muscles are deconditioned.
Symptoms
- Sudden sharp pain at the back of the calf by the ankle after a forceful use of the calf muscles. May be immediately preceded by a snap or pop.
- Sudden loss of power/strength in the calf following the onset of pain or the pop.
- There is often bruising or discoloration in the area.
- Swelling in the area.
- The ankle and foot does not point down when the calf is squeezed and the person is off of the foot.
Physical Therapy Intervention
Complete tendon rupture will usually receive surgical correction. Partial rupture may be treated with immobilization with a cast or boot. Following healing, physical therapy will work with a patient to decrease pain and swelling, restore normal foot and ankle movement, as well as improve calf strength and walking. Physical Therapy is all about getting you up and back on your feet again, helping you do the things that you love to do.
For more information, visit http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/achilles-tendon-rupture/DS00160.