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Piriformis Syndrome

Definition

Piriformis syndrome is a condition in which the piriformis muscle irritates the sciatic nerve causing pain in the buttocks and referring pain along the course of the sciatic nerve. This referred pain, called "sciatica", often goes down the back of the thigh and/or into the lower back.

Mechanism of injury

Possible causes are changes in muscle and nerve relationship due to muscle tightness, herniated disc, or overuse of muscle.

Symptoms

Patients generally complain of pain deep in the buttocks, which is made worse by sitting, climbing stairs, or performing squats.

Physical Therapy Intervention

Rec Center Physical Therapy can be the first line of defense for those suffering from piriformis syndrome by offering treatments such as teaching of stretching techniques, massage, and strengthening of the core muscles (abs, back, etc.) to reduce strain on the piriformis. Stretching exercises will target the piriformis, but may also include the hamstrings and hip muscles, in order to adequately reduce pain and increase range of motion. Patients with piriformis syndrome may also find relief from ice and heat or physical therapy modalities (ultrasound, E-stim, etc.)